The essay investigates the attitude of traditional contractual categories to acknowledge the change caused by the current development of artificial intelligence. In addition to the problem concerning the identification of the contractors – who can hide in the electronic network through anonymity or the use of pseudonyms – there is also the problem concerning the knowledge of the content of the contract and the predictability of its execution methods. This last subject takes on particular importance in smart contracts, that consist of computer programs allowing self-execution and in which automation involves the replacement of man not only in the execution but also in the choice of the activity to be performed. Therefore it is necessary to ask, on the one hand, what happens if the program, envisaged by the parties, does not correspond to what is actually performed by the machine; on the other hand, whether if it is possible to evaluate (through tolerance, good faith) a different behavior than that originally envisaged.
Il saggio indaga l’attitudine delle categorie contrattuali tradizionali a metabolizzare il cambiamento determinato dall’attuale sviluppo dell’intelligenza artificiale. Al problema circa la identificazione dei contraenti – che nella rete telematica possono nascondersi attraverso meccanismi di pseudonimizzazione o anonimizzazione – si aggiunge quello riguardante la conoscibilità del contenuto del contratto e la prevedibilità, da parte dei contraenti, delle sue modalità esecutive. Tale ultimo tema assume particolare rilievo negli smart contract, accordi tradotti in programmi informatici che ne consentono l’autoesecuzione e nei quali l’automazione si traduce nella sostituzione dell’uomo non soltanto con riguardo all’esecuzione dell’attività, ma anche nella scelta dell’attività da compiere. Occorre allora domandarsi, per un verso, cosa accada se il programma, previsto dalle parti, non corrisponde a quanto poi effettivamente eseguito dalla macchina; per altro verso, se vi siano spazi per valutazioni (tolleranza, buona fede) che possano indurre a reputare doveroso un contegno del contraente differente rispetto a quello originariamente previsto.
Questioni in tema di intelligenza artificiale e disciplina del contratto
Massimo Proto
2021-01-01
Abstract
The essay investigates the attitude of traditional contractual categories to acknowledge the change caused by the current development of artificial intelligence. In addition to the problem concerning the identification of the contractors – who can hide in the electronic network through anonymity or the use of pseudonyms – there is also the problem concerning the knowledge of the content of the contract and the predictability of its execution methods. This last subject takes on particular importance in smart contracts, that consist of computer programs allowing self-execution and in which automation involves the replacement of man not only in the execution but also in the choice of the activity to be performed. Therefore it is necessary to ask, on the one hand, what happens if the program, envisaged by the parties, does not correspond to what is actually performed by the machine; on the other hand, whether if it is possible to evaluate (through tolerance, good faith) a different behavior than that originally envisaged.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.