COVID-19 After Lung Resection in Northern Italy

We reviewed surgical cases from 4 Thoracic Surgery departments in the Lombardia region of Italy, the area mostly affected by Coronavirus pandemic inEurope, with the aim to describe the impact of COVID-19 on the treatment ofthoracic surgical patients. Clinical, radiological and laboratory data from patientswho underwent lung resection from December 2019 to March 2020 were retrospectively collected until June 2020. Univariable Cox regression models wereestimated to evaluate potential prognostic factors for developing COVID-19 andto investigate postoperative mortality among patients who developed symptomatic COVID-19 infection. We examined data from 107 patients. (74 lobectomies,32 wedge/segmentectomies and 1 pneumonectomy). Twelve patients developed COVID-19 (Group 1), whereas 95 patients were not infected (Group 2). InGroup 1, 6 patients (50%) died from complications related to infection; in Group2, one patient (1%) died because of non-COVID-19-related causes. Mediandays from surgery to first symptoms, CT confirmation, clinical confirmation andPCR positivity was 48.1, 54.3, 55.1, and 55.2 respectively. At univariable analysis, DLCO/VA% (P = 0.008), duration of the surgery (P = 0.009), smoking history(pack/year) (P < 0.001), BMI (P< 0.001) and number of segments resected(P = 0.010) were associated with COVID-19 onset. Moreover, CCI (P < 0.001),DLCO/VA% (P = 0.002), cigarette pack/year (P < 0.001), BMI (P < 0.001) andCOVID-19 (P < 0.001) were associated with death. Patients who undergo lungresection and then develop symptomatic COVID-19 infection are at higher riskof developing severe respiratory complications and postoperative death. Insidious symptoms’ onset may lead to a delay in diagnosis. We suggest two mitigatting strategies: (1) Improve symptoms surveillance and isolation during recoveryperiod, (2) Be aware of a potential greater risk of developing symptomaticCOVID-19 and death correlated with elevated CCI, BMI, smoking history,DLCO/VA%, number of resected segments and duration of surgery.